Half of Premier League football clubs have advertised gambling on web pages aimed at, or featuring, under-18s.

A review of gambling regulation published last year resulted in English football clubs avoiding any new government-imposed restrictions affecting their income from betting sponsorship.

Instead, Premier League clubs volunteered to forgo front-of-shirt betting logos from 2026 and also signed up to new rules for sponsorship, drafted in collaboration with the gambling industry’s lobby group, the Betting and Gaming Council (BGC).

The move was designed to show that clubs and gambling companies were acting responsibly, amid concerns about football promoting betting and the impact it could have on young and vulnerable people.

But 10 of 20 Premier League clubs did not appear to be abiding by their own code, according to an investigation by the Guardian. At least two clubs displayed members of their under-18 squad wearing shirts with betting logos on them, despite being underage.

Multiple clubs, including Liverpool, Chelsea and Leicester City, linked to betting sponsors from pages dedicated to under-18s football. Pages on the Chelsea FC website that list under-18 fixtures, as well as one displaying youth team highlights, featured links to the website of their sponsor Betway.

Liverpool, Everton, Chelsea, Aston Villa, Wolves, Leicester City, Brentford and Ipswich removed links or images after they were contacted by the  Guardian. Betway said it had “zero interest” in marketing to under-18s and had notified Chelsea of the issue.

As of Wednesday afternoon, Newcastle United’s website still linked to three betting sponsors’ websites on pages for its under-18 squad and its academy, aimed at children as young as nine.